Dna Replication Essay examples - 2166 Words

DNA REPLICATION WHAT IS DNA? DNA is a molecule that has a repeating chain of identical five-carbon sugars (polymers) linked together from head to tail. It is composed of four ring shaped organic bases (nucleotides) which are Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T). It has a double helix shape and contains the sugar component deoxyribose. THE PROCESS OF DNA REPLICATION How DNA replicates is quite a simple process. First, a DNA molecule is â€Å"unzipped†. In other words, it splits into two strands of DNA at one end of the DNA molecule. This separation will cause a formation of a replication fork. After the replication fork has been established the strands of DNA are ready for the next stage. On each strand is a sequence†¦show more content†¦amp;#61623; The first discovery Chagraff made was that the amount of adenine present in all DNA molecules is equal to the amount of thymine. amp;#61623; The second discovery Chagraff made was that the amount of guanine was equal to the amount of cytosine. amp;#61623; The third discovery Chagraff made was that the amount of adenine plus thymine often differs greatly from the amount of guanine plus cytosine. HOW THE IMAGE OF DNA WAS FIRST DISCOVERED After Chagraff’s discoveries, two British scientists by the name Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkens were able to apply his observations. Thus, these two scientists were the first ones to discover the image of what a DNA molecule actually looked like in three-dimension. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;How these scientists manage to obtain the image of a DNA molecule was by the use of â€Å"x-ray crystallographic analysis†. In this process, DNA molecules are bombarded with a x-ray beam. These x-rays encounter atoms, which in turn causes their paths to bent or diffract. The pattern created by the sum of total of these diffractions are then captured on a photographic film. The pattern is then interpreted into the image of the molecule through careful analysis. Thus, because of this research it led to the first theory and model structure of DNA. MAURICE WILKENS nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Maurice Wilkens was born in the year 1916 and is a BritishShow MoreRelatedDna Replication And The Cell Cycle1226 Words   |  5 Pagesthe division of cells is DNA replication. Without DNA replication, the new cells wouldn’t have DNA. So why is DNA so important? DNA is the basic blueprint of life, and it serves to tell the cells what to do, and what proteins to code for. Let’s take a deeper look into Bobby’s cell to see what fascinating events happens during DNA replication. DNA Replication The Cell Cycle Before Bobby’s cells enter the the stage of mitosis to divide, it goes through DNA replication. This process occurs in theRead MoreThe Cell Cycle And Dna Replication1690 Words   |  7 Pageswhich a cell passes this DNA sequence onto other cells, are DNA replication and mitosis. The cell cycle is inclusive of mitosis and DNA replication, the latter of which occurs in the S phase (synthesis) of the cycle. The goal of the S phase is to create two identical semi-conservative chromosomes. The enzyme helicase unwinds the parental DNA double helix strand and uses it as a template so the enzyme DNA polymerase can attach free-floating nucleotides to the separate DNA ‘daughter’ strands usingRead MoreDna Replication And Its Effect On The Development Of Mutations1129 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: DNA replication is one of the fundamental processes involved with the central dogma and is instrumental in the development of mutations, alternations and others changes that allow the process of evolution to operate and proceed leading to the biodiversity. In the process proposed by Watson and Crick (1953), the double helix unwinds to expose the bases in each strand of the DNA , where each of the two separate strands act as the template or molecular mould for the synthesis of a newRead MoreWhat Does It Mean For Dna Replication?991 Words   |  4 Pagesit mean for DNA replication to be semi- conservative? Semiconservative replication means during DNA replication each DNA strand is used to make new template of DNA from the 2 parental strands of DNA (Thompson, Part 1: DNA Replication, 2014). During this replication is to ensure that the newly replicated cells have the same full set of DNA as the parent cells so the sequence will continue to work properly (Thompson, Part 1: DNA Replication, 2014). During the process of DNA replication, the strandsRead MoreOrigin Of Replication Is The Starting Point Of Dna Replication Essay1729 Words   |  7 PagesExam 2 - Tao Xu (Nov-9-2016) Origin of replication is the starting point of DNA replication. It cannot replicate in the host cells without this site. Antibiotic resistance gene can be served as a select agent to find the right clone and then improve the plasmid transformation efficiency. Antibiotic resistance gene can also give the bacteria a pressure to have the plasmid, because the bacteria would use more energy to replicate both the plasmid and its own DNA. (1) The protein needs complex eukaryoticRead MoreThe Replication Of Dna By Escherichia Coli Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pages 1958) includes a groundbreaking development into further understanding of DNA Replication. On pages 671 – 682 is an article titled â€Å"The Replication of DNA in Escherichia Coli†. Meselson and Stahl conducted an experiment to understand how DNA self-replicates by the use of Bacterial transformation to clone parental DNA. In the article, Meselson and Stahl investigate the distribution between the parental and daughter DNA molecules. This is achieved by the use of Radio Isotopic labelling. UniformRead More The Process of DNA Replication Essay487 Words   |  2 PagesProcess of DNA Replication nbsp; The process of DNA replication plays a crucial role in providing genetic continuity from one generation to the next. Knowledge of the structure of DNA began with the discovery of nucleic acids in 1869. In 1952, an accurate model of the DNA molecule was presented, thanks to the work of Rosalind Franklin, James Watson, and Francis Crick. To reproduce, a cell must copy and transmit its genetic information (DNA) to all of its progeny. To do so, DNA replicatesRead MoreExamination Of Cell Division And Dna Replication956 Words   |  4 PagesThe experiments of the past week allowed examination of cell division and DNA replication, the processes by which cells carry out important functions. It is important to have an understanding of these processes in order to have an understanding of biology. These most small occurrences are the basis for life in all cells. Without division and DNA replication, organism could not grow and carry out complex tasks, such as metabolism. In addition, natu ral selection can only occur where genetic variationRead MoreDna Rna And : Dna Replication1735 Words   |  7 Pages1. The process where a cell passed its DNA sequence onto another cell is known as DNA replication. This process usually took place in the S phase cell cycle through mitosis where the copy of DNA molecule are segregated and cytoplasm open up leading to cell division. In order for the process to happen, an enzyme helicase must hack the hydrogen bond where the DNA â€Å"unzip† and â€Å"unwind† to establish two open template. DNA polymerase then replace the RNA primer by adding new complementary nucleotides to